Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Alternative Names

Treatment

Treatment for COPD includes inhalers that open the airways (bronchodilators) and sometimes theophylline. Patients with COPD must stop smoking. In some cases inhaled steroids are used to reduce lung inflammation. In severe cases or flare-ups, the health care provider may prescribe steroids through a vein (intravenous) or by mouth (oral).

Antibiotics are used during flare-ups of symptoms, because infections can make COPD worse. Some people may need chronic, low-flow oxygen, non-invasive ventilation, or a tube to get oxygen (intubation). Surgery to remove parts of the diseased lung may be helpful for some patients with COPD.

Lung rehabilitation does not cure the lung disease, but it teaches a patient to breathe in a different way so they can stay active.

Lung transplant is sometimes performed for severe cases.

Support Groups

People often can help ease the stress of illness by joining a support group in which members share common experiences and problems.

See also: Lung disease - support group

Outlook (Prognosis)

This condition is a long-term (chronic) illness. The disease will get worse if patients keep using tobacco.

Possible Complications

• Arrhythmias
• Need for breathing machine and oxygen therapy
• Pneumonia
• Pneumothorax
• Right-sided heart failure or cor pulmonale (enlargement of the heart and heart failure from chronic lung disease)

When to Contact a Medical Professional

Go to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if you have a rapid increase in shortness of breath or if you develop complications.

References