Acute cholecystitis (Gallstones)

Alternative Names

Treatment

Although cholecystitis may clear up on its own, surgery to remove the gallbladder (cholecystectomy) is usually needed when inflammation continues or recurs.

This operation is done as soon as possible, unless the patient is very ill or if the inflammation is thought to have been present for many days. Emergency surgery may be necessary if gangrene (tissue death), perforation, pancreatitis, or inflammation of the common bile duct occurs.

Occasionally, in very ill patients, a tube may be placed through the skin to drain the gallbladder until the patient gets better and can have surgery.

Nonsurgical treatment includes pain medicines, antibiotics to fight infection, and a low-fat diet (when food can be tolerated). Patients usually need one or more doses of antibiotics.

Outlook (Prognosis)

Patients who have cholecystectomy usually do very well.

Possible Complications

• Empyema (pus in the gallbladder)
• Peritonitis (inflammation of the lining of the abdomen)
• Gangrene (tissue death) of the gallbladder
• Injury to the bile ducts draining the liver (a rare complication of cholecystectomy)

When to Contact a Medical Professional

Call your health care provider if severe abdominal pain persists.

Call for an appointment with your health care provider if symptoms of cholecystitis recur after an acute episode.