Type 1 diabetes

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Type 1 diabetes

Alternative Names

Insulin-dependent diabetes; Juvenile onset diabetes; Diabetes - type 1

Symptoms

Increased thirst
Increased urination
Weight loss despite increased appetite
Nausea
Vomiting
Abdominal pain
Fatigue
Absence of menstruation

Exams and Tests

The following tests can be used to diagnose diabetes:

Urinalysis shows glucose and ketone bodies in the urine, but a blood test is required for diagnosis
Fasting blood glucose is 126 mg/dL or higher
Random (nonfasting) blood glucose exceeds 200 mg/dL (this must be confirmed with a fasting test)
Insulin test (low or undetectable level of insulin)
C-peptide test (low or undetectable level of the protein C-peptide, a by-product of insulin production)

References

Standards of medical care in diabetes--2007. Diabetes Care. Jan 2007;30 Suppl 1:S4-S41.

Larsen PR, Kronberg HM, Schlomo M, et al. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. 10th ed. St. Louis, Mo: WB Saunders; 2003:1427-1468, 1485-1504.

Armstrong C. ADA Releases Standards of Medical Care for Patients with Diabetes. Am Fam Physician. Sept 2006; 74(5); 871-874.


Endocrine glands


Insulin pump


Glucose test


Insulin pump


Type I diabetes


Monitor blood glucose - series

Review Date: 11/28/2007
Reviewed By: David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc. Previously reviewed by Robert Hurd, MD, Professor of Endocrinology, Department of Biology, Xavier University, Cincinnati, OH. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network (2/8/2007).

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