Hyponatremia
Alternative Names
Dilutional hyponatremia; Euvolemic hyponatremia; Hypervolemic hyponatremia; Hypovolemic hyponatremia
Symptoms
Common symptoms include:
- Abnormal mental status
- Confusion
- Decreased consciousness
- Hallucinations
- Possible coma
- Convulsions
- Fatigue
- Headache
- Irritability
- Loss of appetite
- Muscle spasms or cramps
- Muscle weakness
- Nausea
- Restlessness
- Vomiting
- Anorexia nervosa
Exams and Tests
The following laboratory tests can confirm hyponatremia:- Serum osmolality
- Serum sodium
- Urine osmolality
- Urine sodium
A complete physical examination will also be done to find the cause of this condition. During this examination, your doctor may order other tests.
References
Braunwald E, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, et al., eds. Hyponatremia. In Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 15th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2001:274-76.
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