Narcolepsy

Alternative Names

Treatment

There is no known cure for narcolepsy. Treatment is aimed at control of the symptoms.

Lifestyle adjustments and learning to cope with the emotional and other effects of the disorder may improve functioning in work and social activities. Planned naps can help regulate daytime sleep and reduce the number of unplanned, sudden sleep attacks. It is important to tell teachers and supervisors about this condition so that those affected are not punished for being "lazy" at school or work.

Eating light or vegetarian meals during the day and avoiding heavy meals prior to important activities may help reduce the odds of an attack after daytime meals. If possible, schedule a brief nap (10 to 15 minutes) after meals.

Prescription medications may be necessary, including stimulants such as dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine, DextroStat) and methylphenidate (Ritalin). Modafinil (Provigil) is a new, less powerful type of stimulant that is believed to have less abuse potential than other stimulants. It has recently been found to be effective in maintaining wakefulness.

Antidepressant medications such as imipramine can help to reduce the number of episodes of cataplexy, but they usually do not reduce the number of sleeping episodes.

Patients with narcolepsy may have driving restrictions placed on them. These restrictions vary from state to state.

Outlook (Prognosis)

Narcolepsy is a chronic, life-long condition. It is not a fatal illness, but it may be dangerous if episodes occur during driving, operating machinery, or similar activities. Narcolepsy is usually controllable with treatment. Treating other underlying sleep disorders can improve symptoms of narcolepsy markedly.

Possible Complications

• Injuries and accidents, if attacks occur during activities
• Impairment of functioning at work
• Impairment of social activities
• Side effects of medications used to treat the disorder

When to Contact a Medical Professional

Call your health care provider if symptoms suggestive of narcolepsy occur.

Call your health care provider if narcolepsy does not respond to treatment, or if other symptoms develop.