Breast pain

Alternative Names

Home Care

For tips on how to manage pain from fibrocystic breasts, see breast lumps.

Certain birth control pills may help relieve breast pain. Ask your doctor if this therapy is right for you.

If you have a breast infection, you will need antibiotics. Look for signs of infection such as localized redness, nipple discharge, or fever. Contact your doctor if you have these signs.

If you have a breast injury, immediately apply a cold compress such as an ice pack (wrapped in a cloth -- don't apply directly to the skin) for 15 to 20 minutes. Take a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) such as ibuprofen to reduce your chance of developing persistent breast pain or swelling.

When to Contact a Medical Professional

Call your doctor if you have:

• Discharge from your nipples, especially blood or pus
• Given birth within the last week and your breasts are swollen or hard
• Signs of a breast infection, including localized redness, pus, or fever
• Noticed a new lump associated with the pain that does not go away after your menstrual period
• Persistent, unexplained breast pain

Your health care provider will perform a breast examination and ask questions about your breast pain, such as:

• How long have you had the symptoms?
• Are one or both of your breasts affected?
• Do you have any nipple discharge?
• Do you perform breast self-examination?
• Have you noticed any lumps or anything unusual when you examine your breasts?
• When was your last mammogram?
• What other symptoms do you have? Do you have fever?
• What medicines do you take?

Tests that may be done include:

• Breast biopsy
• Culture of nipple discharge to test for infection
• Cytology (microscopic evaluation) of nipple discharge
• Fine needle aspiration -- a small needle is inserted into the breast to remove fluid that may have collected in a cyst (usually not cancerous)
• Mammography

Treatment may include the following:

• Pain relievers
• Diet changes
• Medication changes

Your health care provider should schedule a follow-up visit in case the symptoms have not gone away in a given period of time. Your doctor may recommend that you see a specialist if the symptoms do not go away or if you have a complicated condition.

Prevention

Wear a well-fitting bra for support, especially if your breasts are large.

Perform a monthly breast self-exam 3-5 days after your period (when the breast tissue is the least tender). This is important to feel for any changes in your breast tissue. If you detect any change from the previous month, notify your doctor.

References

Marchant DJ. Benign breast disease. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2002; 29(1): 1-20.

Dickerson LM. Premenstrual syndrome. Am Fam Physician. 2003; 67(8): 1743-1752.

Millet AV. Clinical management of breast pain: a review. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2002; 57(7): 451-461.