Brain tumor - adults

Alternative Names

Glioblastoma multiforme - adults; Ependymoma - adults; Glioma - adults; Astrocytoma - adults; Medulloblastoma - adults; Neuroglioma - adults; Oligodendroglioma - adults; Meningioma - adults; Cancer - brain tumor (adults)

Symptoms

The specific symptoms depend on the tumor's size, location, degree of invasion, and related swelling. Headaches, seizures, weakness in one part of the body, and changes in the person's mental functions are most common.

Symptoms may include:

• Headache -- a persistent headache that is new for the person, worse on awakening
• Vomiting -- possibly accompanied by nausea; more severe in the morning
• Personality and behavior changes
• Emotional instability, rapid emotional changes
• Loss of memory, impaired judgment
• Seizures that are new for the person
• Reduced alertness
• Double vision, decreased vision
• Hearing loss
• Decreased sensation of a body area
• Weakness of a body area
• Speech difficulties
• Decreased coordination, clumsiness, falls
• Fever (sometimes)
• Weakness, lethargy
• General ill feeling
• Positive Babinski's reflex
• Decerebrate posture
• Decorticate posture

• Tongue problems
• Swallowing difficulty
• Impaired sense of smell
• Obesity
• Uncontrollable movement
• Dysfunctional movement
• Absent menstruation
• Hiccups
• Hand tremor
• Facial paralysis
• Eye abnormalities
  • pupils different sizes
  • uncontrollable movements
  • eyelid drooping
• Confusion
• Breathing, absent temporarily
• Unusual or strange behavior

Exams and Tests

A doctor can often identify signs and symptoms that are specific to the location of the tumor. Some tumors may not show symptoms until they are very large and cause a rapid decline in the person's mental functions. Other tumors have symptoms that develop slowly.

Most brain tumors increase pressure within the skull and compress brain tissue because of their size and weight.

The following tests may confirm the presence of a brain tumor and identify its location:

• CT scan of the head
• MRI of the head
• EEG
• Examination of tissue removed from the tumor during surgery or CT-guided biopsy (may confirm the exact type of tumor)
• Examination of the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) may reveal cancerous cells